1. Introduction

The economic crisis is the oscillation at some political and economic sectors around an average of business economics, these osillation are by the economists as financial crisis.

However, the economic crisis in Angolan contest, is seen as leak of financial resource, what breaks down the national economic apparatus. Is important to explain that the Angolan economic crisis get started at the end of 2014 and knew his apogee in middle of year 2016.

1.1.The causes of the crisis

Taking in account the Angolan greatest  economic dependence  in oil, the country dove into a crisis with the fell down of the crude, that afect not only the local market but as well  the other  international market, for example the OPEC countries. Is estimated that the fell down of the crude was from USD 100 to USD 10 per barrel along the year 2016. Nevertheless the specialists say that this is one of the largest oil fall in period of 5 decads. 

Like many OPEC members (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries), and other countries  beyond of the organization but that have the oil as the main keep of their economy,witnessed a big decrease of the economy mainly at finacial sector.

The poor investment at certain sectors like agriculture, livestock, fishing, rural and urban turism and other sustainable sectors, contribuite too for the actual economic  crisis in the country. The terminilogy diversification of the economy, doesn´t leave the cidade alta.

Angola is an oligopoly market,  where the economy is controlled by small group of people, that faith strongly in order to strenghten their economic power more and more, the unfair competiotion, the repression of the micro business leaders, the patology of rise up and insentive of political entrepreneurs, the exacerbated level of bureaucracy, are unfortunetly the key words of the national economy. So this scourge that affects Angolan economy for larges years, is seen as the one of the enginner of the actual economic crisis, furthermore, the  investment of some Angolans milionaire/bilionaire citizens abroad is too a real big threaten the national economy and this crisis is judt the consequence.

The weak branding or marketing of the country is not out of the causes of the Angolan financia crisis.

1.2.Consequences

Approximately three years of national crisis, meanest are the consequences seen day by day. Between them are:

1.3.Social consequences: reduction of the families income, cuts and wage adjustments, dismissal of employed, rise up the number of unemployed, the rise up of the criminality, the increase of corruption  in particular in Luanda, the impoverishment of rural population, the decrease of the middle class, the detachment between the high and the middle class, the inflation, etc.

2. Economic consequences: depreciation of national currency, the limit of the exit of dollars, loss the influency at some regional and international markets, the rise up of importation number, destabilisation of the economic device the premature withdrawal of some international companies, the weaking of BNA (National Banc of Angola).
3. Politic consequences: decrease of the OGE (General State bugdet), cuts of approximately 35% national assembly wage, whose the limit ist 29,2 thousands million of kwanzas (163,1 million of euro), increased for the 1.780,911,789 kwanzas (9,9 million of euro).
4. Health sector: the emergence and reappearance of some epidemies, according the health world organization the cases of yellow fever, malaria, grew up from 2015 to 2016, instead of last fews years that was reduzing, miss of salaries for the norses, and other hospital workers, the rise up of the childish mortality.
5. Education sector: It was one of the sectors that more grew up before the crisis, in particular in the interior of the country. Once the crisis affected the economy, this sector suffered ralativ cuts of 35% in 2016 comparing with 2014, furthermore, the schoolars programs like alfabetization, school lunches suffered cuts of 18% in 2014-2016, still in 2016 the pre-school education received only 0,2% of the General State budget.

Source: OGE 2014-2016

• Social impact

The crisis permanece between Angolan people almost three years, make the population pay more attention about the future dangers. By the effect, new economic habits is rising up inside of the families.

Came up the rationalization of the financial resource, aniquilition of the exacerbate consum, looking for the surplus inside of the families, awaking the national economic mind, more participatio in political issues done by public debats, broadcast, radio television however still with some inhabition of the public opinion, the tendency of the emergence of the micro investments, these aspects make part of the economic social impact in the base level.

At another hand, the governmenthas been creating programs of financial education, passing the appealing the population to economize founds, creation of institution to promote and help micro, small, medium-sized enterprises for example BUE (Balcão Único Empresial “Unic business Counter”) and ANGOLA INVESTE, the implementation of economic program diversification like agriculture, increase the production of goods, reduction of importation and grow up the exportation, wage cut at of the general assembly and other sectors, however very contested by the deputies, are the main impacts at the top level.

We think that is very importante to underline that the previous paragraph doesn´t clarify the positives aspects of the economic crisis, but simply explain what has been the daily routine of Angolan population at last three years and possibly this drastic reality come to spread for more time unless the public policies adapt serious measures for the austerity. Somehow, with the demografic pression is crucial speed up in order to avoid a future economic chaos, what could degenerate a social crisis in large scale.

1.4- Perspectives

Taking in account the austerity measures that government has been taking, the opinions about Angolan future economy are so hybrid. The IMF (international Monetary Fund) says that the Angolan economy will start recovering in 2017 in a scale of 3,5% and the increase of public debit.

Still according IMF (international Monetary Fund) for this year based in the oil barrel price of USD 53 the economy will grow up around 3,5%, the oilfield will registering a growth of 6,8% and no oilfield 2,1%.

By his time, Angolan government share an optmist opinion, saying that the reforms made at differents social sectors will have positive effect and axiously some of them are already seem by the people.

The so wait economic diversification is already a reality according the José Eduardo government because the investments at certain sectors like agriculture, livestock, fishing, industrial manufactured turism and empresarial is already a reality. This last sector for example provide us information like the alteration made at some crucial companies for example BPC (Banco de Poupança e Crédito Banc of Credit and Savings) BDA (Banco de Desenvolvimento Angola-Angolan Banc of Development) BCI (Banco de Comércio e Crédito-Banc of Busness and Credit), the creation of UIF (Instituto de Investigação Financeira-Institut of Financial Investigation) whose the main goal is  to fight or eradicate the money laundering and finacing the terrorism, in mean time there were as well reform at BNA (Banco Nacional de Angola-Angola National Banc), SONANGOL (Angolan Oil Society) TAAG (Linhas Aéras de Angola- Angola airlines); EMIRATES as means of austerity.

1.4.1. Academic perspective of Angolan economy 2020

The reduction of fiscal deficiency 4825 million of kwanzas in 2012, 4602 million of kwanzas in 2013, 4163 million of kwanzas in 2014 and 3968,6 of kwanzas in 2015, are results very animators for the period faced by our economy, in what the only way to finance the State debit will be public indebtedness. The break down of the fiscal imposition are not have been offset for the increase of the tributaries parcels tax.

A fiscal deficiency of 7,2% of gross domestic product in 2015, the risks are the severus plan aplication so as to keep the confidence of the international agencies “rating” or the only resource will be the loan to IMF (International Monetary Fund), at another, the imprevisble price of crude can positivly appease the non confortable present situation.

Bibliografia

Adra Angola  E Unicef Angola (Educação No Oge 2016)

Alves Da Rocha  (As Perspectivas De Crescimento Económico De   Angola Até 2020)